One more yard
The Pacific Bulb Society had a discussion this week about the meaning of the word "yard". Because that list serve draws its contributors from all over the world, and because the meaning of English words sometimes varies from country to country, we frequently find ourselves reliving the old quip about the United States and other English-speaking countries being countries separated by the same language.
That on-line discussion covered several usages of the word "yard". But until I brought it up today, the discussion had omitted one yard which intrigues me, one which has long filled
me with a sense of queasiness or downright revulsion. John Parkinson, in his account
of celery (which he knew as sweet parsley or sweet smallage) in his Paradisus of 1629, mentions that the first
place he saw it was in a Venetian ambassador’s garden near Bishop’s Gate Street
in London. So far, so good – but Parkinson also states that the celery grew in
the spittle yard of that establishment. If you’ve ever grown celery, you know
that it needs lots of water; was the celery planted in the spittle yard to take
advantage of the abundant, moist sputum expectorated by loitering Jacobean
dandies?
I first read that passage decades ago, and to this day I can’t
look at celery without remembering it – and then washing my celery very
carefully.
Public expectoration – spitting – is not
nearly as common now as it once was. Those
who spit in public now are apt to get the “keep your dirty germs to yourself”
look.
And it isn’t just spitting which is now generally eschewed.
A few summers ago I was walking Biscuit down near the local park. We were
heading home, and as we approached the traffic intersection there, I noticed a
group of four young men approaching. Something about them gave me the impression
that they did not belong, that they were somehow out of place. It may have been
their clothing. As I got closer, I could hear them and realized that they were
speaking French. As I passed them, one of the group broke away, walked over to
a nearby bush and began to relieve himself. How very French. Had my French been better, I would have told
him that the park down the street had a Porta Potty. I don’t even know the
French word for Porta Potty. The bush was a big viburnum, and since then I’ve
thought of it as the pissoir bush. Up until then I had been ambivalent about
the odor of the flowers of that plant; now it resides firmly in the “smelly”
category.
What’s the sociological significance of this: as public
urination has now become relatively infrequent among American men, breast feeding in public has
become more frequent among some American women?
The discussion of yards on the PBS list serve hardly
exhausted the possibilities. This sort of preoccupation with classifying things
always reminds me of early nineteenth century taxonomist Constantine Samuel
Rafinesque-Schmaltz. Here are some highlights of his life, drawn mostly from
the Wikipedia account. He was born in a suburb of Constantinople to a French
father and German mother. He died in, of
all places, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
USA! He never attended a university and
was largely self-taught, yet at one point he was on the faculty of Transylvania
University in Kentucky. The Wikipedia account claims that he taught himself “perfect
Greek and Latin”, yet the etymology of some of the names of genera he
established defy explanation. Unlike
modern taxonomists who generally have a well-defined and narrow field of study,
Rafinesque classified everything in sight: plants, animals, fungi, minerals and
so on. The author of an article in American
Heritage magazine years ago gave his
classification for the various grades of thunder.
Where is he now that we need him: did he have a
classification of yards? If he did, it’s now sadly lost.
In addition to the Wikipedia entry, here is a link with more
information about him:
Some of the pronunciations given in the footnotes to this
article are in the best
Rrafinesquian tradition and strike me as bizarre.
Update: after posting a small part of this to the Pacific Bulb Society list serve, I got a quick response from Paige Woodward of Pacific Rim Nurseries. She pointed out that the word spittle yard is probably an alternate spelling for spital yard, as in hospital yard. And she provided this link:
Now to chill a bit and listen to some music composed by Vivaldi for the occupants of the Ospedale della Pietà.
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Update: after posting a small part of this to the Pacific Bulb Society list serve, I got a quick response from Paige Woodward of Pacific Rim Nurseries. She pointed out that the word spittle yard is probably an alternate spelling for spital yard, as in hospital yard. And she provided this link:
Now to chill a bit and listen to some music composed by Vivaldi for the occupants of the Ospedale della Pietà.
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